As well as general purpose computers, there are other types of computer systems. The most common of these are known as embedded systems.

An embedded system is a small computer that forms part of a larger system, device or machine. Its purpose is to:

• control the device;
• allow a user to interact with it.

Embedded systems tend to have one or a limited number of tasks that they can perform.

Examples of Embedded Systems

• Central heating systems;
• Engine management systems in vehicles;
• Domestic appliances (dishwashers, TVs, digital phones);
• Digital watches;
• Electronic calculators;
• GPS systems;
• Fitness trackers.

Key Characteristics

Programming

Embedded devices are not usually programmable by the user – the programming is normally done beforehand by the manufacturer and stored in ROM.

However, it is often possible to upgrade the software. For example, fitness trackers can often be updated by connecting the device to a PC and installing new software.

Power